Conventional resources
Challenge
Characterize water intrusion behavior in a carbonate gas reservoir where traditional DPDK methods overestimate fracture connectivity, resulting in erroneous water breakthrough estimations.
Solutions
EDFM captured dominant paths that influence water intrusion behavior by means of history matching
Results
Several field development practices were adopted by the operator to optimize completion designs in other parts of the field.
Challenge
Large number of fractures posed a challenge for accurate fracture flow simulation
Solutions
EDFM was integrated into the model to non-intrusively embed fractures into matrix grid using a commercial reservoir simulator.
Results
Full field model was history matched, resulting in oil production increase and improved water management strategies were obtained.
Challenge
Large number of fractures posed a challenge for accurate fracture flow simulation
Solutions
EDFM was integrated into the model to non-intrusively embed fractures into matrix grid using a commercial reservoir simulator.
Results
Full field model was history matched, resulting in oil production increase and improved water management strategies were obtained.
Conventional resources
Challenge
Characterize water intrusion behavior in a carbonate gas reservoir where traditional DPDK methods overestimate fracture connectivity, resulting in erroneous water breakthrough estimations.
Solutions
EDFM captured dominant paths that influence water intrusion behavior by means of history matching
Results
Several field development practices were adopted by the operator to optimize completion designs in other parts of the field.
Challenge
Large number of fractures posed a challenge for accurate fracture flow simulation
Solutions
EDFM was integrated into the model to non-intrusively embed fractures into matrix grid using a commercial reservoir simulator.
Results
Full field model was history matched, resulting in oil production increase and improved water management strategies were obtained.
Challenge
Large number of fractures posed a challenge for accurate fracture flow simulation
Solutions
EDFM was integrated into the model to non-intrusively embed fractures into matrix grid using a commercial reservoir simulator.
Results
Full field model was history matched, resulting in oil production increase and improved water management strategies were obtained.
Conventional resources
Challenge
Characterize water intrusion behavior in a carbonate gas reservoir where traditional DPDK methods overestimate fracture connectivity, resulting in erroneous water breakthrough estimations.
Solutions
EDFM captured dominant paths that influence water intrusion behavior by means of history matching
Results
Several field development practices were adopted by the operator to optimize completion designs in other parts of the field.
Challenge
Large number of fractures posed a challenge for accurate fracture flow simulation
Solutions
EDFM was integrated into the model to non-intrusively embed fractures into matrix grid using a commercial reservoir simulator.
Results
Full field model was history matched, resulting in oil production increase and improved water management strategies were obtained.
Challenge
Large number of fractures posed a challenge for accurate fracture flow simulation
Solutions
EDFM was integrated into the model to non-intrusively embed fractures into matrix grid using a commercial reservoir simulator.
Results
Full field model was history matched, resulting in oil production increase and improved water management strategies were obtained.
Unconventional resources
Challenge
Distribution of natural fractures in the reservoir needs to be considered.
Solutions
ZFRAC-RE takes into account the influence of natural fractures, the simulation results of complex fracture network fracture propagation are seamlessly connected with the EDFM pre-processor to achieve accurate production performance assessment.
Results
Activated natural fractures effectively characterize the stimulated reservoir volume, providing a strong basis for the well spacing optimization in natural fractured oil and gas reservoirs.
Challenge
In post-frac evaluation process, the simulation of fracture propagation considers natural fractures (DFN), and it is difficult to match the SRV represented by microseismic data with the SRV generated by fracture propagation in the natural fracture network.
Solutions
Calibrate the distribution of DFN in the activated natural fracture area through microseismic signals, providing an effective solution for the simulation of hydraulic fracture propagation under the constraints of microseismic signals.
Results
The microseismic signal is used to correct the distribution of natural fractures, and the half length of hydraulic fractures is fitted under the constraints of the actual microseismic signal. The results show that the SRV of the stimulated region is in good agreement with the microseismic signal.
Challenge
This case features two main challenges: (1) to consider the heterogeneous stress distribution according to the actual horizontal well; and (2) to represent drastic stress changes along the horizontal well lateral.
Solutions
ZFRAC-RE constructs the plane stress distribution based on the horizontal well stress interpretation well logs, finely captures the stress of each cluster along the well trajectory, and conducts treating pressure match under complex stress conditions.
Results
The complexity of hydraulic fracture propagation, deeply influenced by the characteristics of stress distribution, generated a successful optimization plan in the field.
Unconventional resources
Challenge
Distribution of natural fractures in the reservoir needs to be considered.
Solutions
ZFRAC-RE takes into account the influence of natural fractures, the simulation results of complex fracture network fracture propagation are seamlessly connected with the EDFM pre-processor to achieve accurate production performance assessment.
Results
Activated natural fractures effectively characterize the stimulated reservoir volume, providing a strong basis for the well spacing optimization in natural fractured oil and gas reservoirs.
Challenge
In post-frac evaluation process, the simulation of fracture propagation considers natural fractures (DFN), and it is difficult to match the SRV represented by microseismic data with the SRV generated by fracture propagation in the natural fracture network.
Solutions
Calibrate the distribution of DFN in the activated natural fracture area through microseismic signals, providing an effective solution for the simulation of hydraulic fracture propagation under the constraints of microseismic signals.
Results
The microseismic signal is used to correct the distribution of natural fractures, and the half length of hydraulic fractures is fitted under the constraints of the actual microseismic signal. The results show that the SRV of the stimulated region is in good agreement with the microseismic signal.
Challenge
This case features two main challenges: (1) to consider the heterogeneous stress distribution according to the actual horizontal well; and (2) to represent drastic stress changes along the horizontal well lateral.
Solutions
ZFRAC-RE constructs the plane stress distribution based on the horizontal well stress interpretation well logs, finely captures the stress of each cluster along the well trajectory, and conducts treating pressure match under complex stress conditions.
Results
The complexity of hydraulic fracture propagation, deeply influenced by the characteristics of stress distribution, generated a successful optimization plan in the field.
Unconventional resources
Challenge
Distribution of natural fractures in the reservoir needs to be considered.
Solutions
ZFRAC-RE takes into account the influence of natural fractures, the simulation results of complex fracture network fracture propagation are seamlessly connected with the EDFM pre-processor to achieve accurate production performance assessment.
Results
Activated natural fractures effectively characterize the stimulated reservoir volume, providing a strong basis for the well spacing optimization in natural fractured oil and gas reservoirs.
Challenge
In post-frac evaluation process, the simulation of fracture propagation considers natural fractures (DFN), and it is difficult to match the SRV represented by microseismic data with the SRV generated by fracture propagation in the natural fracture network.
Solutions
Calibrate the distribution of DFN in the activated natural fracture area through microseismic signals, providing an effective solution for the simulation of hydraulic fracture propagation under the constraints of microseismic signals.
Results
The microseismic signal is used to correct the distribution of natural fractures, and the half length of hydraulic fractures is fitted under the constraints of the actual microseismic signal. The results show that the SRV of the stimulated region is in good agreement with the microseismic signal.
Challenge
This case features two main challenges: (1) to consider the heterogeneous stress distribution according to the actual horizontal well; and (2) to represent drastic stress changes along the horizontal well lateral.
Solutions
ZFRAC-RE constructs the plane stress distribution based on the horizontal well stress interpretation well logs, finely captures the stress of each cluster along the well trajectory, and conducts treating pressure match under complex stress conditions.
Results
The complexity of hydraulic fracture propagation, deeply influenced by the characteristics of stress distribution, generated a successful optimization plan in the field.
Geothermal
Challenge
Evaluate an enhanced geothermal system asset in a naturally fractured reservoir.
Solutions
Use Thermal-EDFM to simulate convective and conductive heat transfer present in each fracture of the fracture network.
Results
Heat extraction efficiency was directly determined by capturing the effects of fracture connectivity, which supported decision-making process.
Challenge
Identify best well placement strategies for electricity output generation in a geothermal reservoir
Solutions
Analyze fracture network effect in the high permeability reservoir by means of sensitivity analysis
Results
Deployment of two horizontal wells placed in horizontal direction constitutes the best well design to generate more electrical power in time.
Geothermal
Challenge
Evaluate an enhanced geothermal system asset in a naturally fractured reservoir.
Solutions
Use Thermal-EDFM to simulate convective and conductive heat transfer present in each fracture of the fracture network.
Results
Heat extraction efficiency was directly determined by capturing the effects of fracture connectivity, which supported decision-making process.
Challenge
Identify best well placement strategies for electricity output generation in a geothermal reservoir
Solutions
Analyze fracture network effect in the high permeability reservoir by means of sensitivity analysis
Results
Deployment of two horizontal wells placed in horizontal direction constitutes the best well design to generate more electrical power in time.
Geothermal
Challenge
Evaluate an enhanced geothermal system asset in a naturally fractured reservoir.
Solutions
Use Thermal-EDFM to simulate convective and conductive heat transfer present in each fracture of the fracture network.
Results
Heat extraction efficiency was directly determined by capturing the effects of fracture connectivity, which supported decision-making process.
Challenge
Identify best well placement strategies for electricity output generation in a geothermal reservoir
Solutions
Analyze fracture network effect in the high permeability reservoir by means of sensitivity analysis
Results
Deployment of two horizontal wells placed in horizontal direction constitutes the best well design to generate more electrical power in time.
Emission reductions
Challenge
Identify best storage options for hydrogen storage.
Solutions
A detailed modeling plan was designed to conduct compositional reservoir simulation using a commercial reservoir simulator and SimTech’s experts.
Results
Saline aquifers and depleted oil reservoirs were successfully evaluated as candidates for hydrogen storage. Additionally, special operational practices were suggested as part of a comprehensive result’s analysis.
Challenge
Propose tangible carbon emission strategies for an operator’s asset.
Solutions
Apply SimTech’s integrated roadmap workflow, which quantifies each source of emission, delineates strategies for reduction, and proposes current and novel technologies for emission reduction.
Results
An integrated solution was provided to reduce 25% of carbon emissions by 2030, which involves a comprehensive reduction program targeted to all areas of the organization.
Emission reductions
Challenge
Identify best storage options for hydrogen storage.
Solutions
A detailed modeling plan was designed to conduct compositional reservoir simulation using a commercial reservoir simulator and SimTech’s experts.
Results
Saline aquifers and depleted oil reservoirs were successfully evaluated as candidates for hydrogen storage. Additionally, special operational practices were suggested as part of a comprehensive result’s analysis.
Challenge
Propose tangible carbon emission strategies for an operator’s asset.
Solutions
Apply SimTech’s integrated roadmap workflow, which quantifies each source of emission, delineates strategies for reduction, and proposes current and novel technologies for emission reduction.
Results
An integrated solution was provided to reduce 25% of carbon emissions by 2030, which involves a comprehensive reduction program targeted to all areas of the organization.
Emission reductions
Challenge
Identify best storage options for hydrogen storage.
Solutions
A detailed modeling plan was designed to conduct compositional reservoir simulation using a commercial reservoir simulator and SimTech’s experts.
Results
Saline aquifers and depleted oil reservoirs were successfully evaluated as candidates for hydrogen storage. Additionally, special operational practices were suggested as part of a comprehensive result’s analysis.
Challenge
Propose tangible carbon emission strategies for an operator’s asset.
Solutions
Apply SimTech’s integrated roadmap workflow, which quantifies each source of emission, delineates strategies for reduction, and proposes current and novel technologies for emission reduction.
Results
An integrated solution was provided to reduce 25% of carbon emissions by 2030, which involves a comprehensive reduction program targeted to all areas of the organization.
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